Abstract:
The “Aesop Institute” operated by Mark Goldes, a Co-founder of Chava Energy and up until recently the Chief Market Research Officer of Chava Energy, is simply an elaborate fraud.
1. Overview.
The professional charlatan Mark Goldes, starting in the
mid-seventies, engaged for several years in the pretense that his
company SunWind Ltd was developing a nearly production-ready,
freeway-capable, wind-powered “windmobile,” based on the windmobile
created by James Amick; and that therefore SunWind would be a wonderful
investment opportunity.
After SunWind “dried up” in 1983, Goldes embarked on the long-running
pretense that his company Room Temperature Superconductors Inc was
developing room-temperature superconductors; and that therefore Room
Temperature Superconductors Inc would be a wonderful investment
opportunity. He continues the pretense that the company developed
something useful, even to this day.
And then Goldes embarked on the pretense that his company Magnetic
Power Inc was developing “NO FUEL ENGINES” based on “Virtual Photon
Flux;” and then, on the pretense that MPI was developing horn-powered
“NO FUEL ENGINES” based on the resonance of magnetized tuning-rods; and
then, on the pretense that his and Hagen Ruff’s company Chava Energy LLC
was developing water-fueled engines based on “collapsing hydrogen
orbits” (which are ruled out by quantum physics); and then, on the
pretense that his so-called “Aesop Institute” was developing
strictly-ambient-heat-powered “NO FUEL ENGINES” (which are ruled out by
the Second Law of Thermodynamics).
But of course, the laws of physics always make an exception for the make-believe pretenses of Mark Goldes.
Goldes’ forty-year career of “revolutionary breakthrough” pretense
has nothing to do with science, but only with pseudoscience,
pseudophysics, and relentless flimflam, in pursuit of loans and
donations from gullible people who never mastered physics very well.
Mark Goldes’ “Aesop Institute” has engaged for many years in the very
dishonest and unscrupulous practice of soliciting loans and donations
under an endless series of false pretenses, that it is developing and
even “prototyping” various “revolutionary breakthroughs,” such as “NO
FUEL ENGINES” that run on ambient heat alone – or run on “Virtual Photon
Flux” – or on “Collapsing Hydrogen Orbits” – or even on the acoustic
energy of sound from a horn.
Aesop Institute’s make-believe strictly ambient heat engine is ruled
out by the Second Law of Thermodynamics. This has been understood by
physicists for at least 180 years. There is no “new science” that has
ever determined such an engine to be possible.
Aesop Institute’s make-believe “Virtual Photon Flux” engine is based
on the idea that accessible electric power “is everywhere present in
unlimited quantities” – which we know to be false.
Aesop Institute’s make-believe “Collapsing Hydrogen Orbits” engine is
based on Randell Mills’ theory of “hydrino” hydrogen, which every
scientist knows to be false.
Aesop Institute’s make-believe horn-powered engine is based on the
pretense that a magnetized tuning rod could somehow “multiply energy” – a
ludicrous notion, which is obviously ruled out by the law of
conservation of energy.
Aesop Institute’s very latest make-believe engine is a perpetual
motion machine in the form of a self-powered air compressor, which
proposes to use a turbine to compress air to spin the turbine to
compress air to spin the turbine.
Aesop Institute has never offered the slightest shadow of evidence
that it is actually developing or “prototyping” any of these
make-believe physics-defying “revolutionary breakthroughs.” All it has
ever offered are mere declarations that it is doing so – unsupported by
any proof whatever, of any kind whatever.
There are no “revolutionary breakthroughs” to be found on Goldes’
fraudulent “Aesop Institute” website. There is only pseudoscience,
relentless flimflam, and empty claims of engines that are ruled out by
the laws of physics.
2. Goldes’ “POWERGENIE” Horn-Powered Tuning-Rod Engine Flimflam
In appreciation of its entertainment value, let’s look at another
example of Mark Goldes’ wonderful offerings in “revolutionary new
technology:”
The amazing “POWERGENIE!”
One of the most laughable of Mark Goldes’ many pseudotypes is his
“POWERGENIE” horn-powered generator. The brilliant idea of this
revolutionary breakthrough is to blow a horn at a magnetized tuning rod,
designed to resonate at the frequency of the horn, and then collect the
electromotive energy produced by the vibrations of the rod.
We’re not making this up.
POWERGENIE tuning rod engine explained – from the patent:
[The device incorporates] “an energy transfer and multiplier element
being constructed of a ferromagnetic substance… having a natural
resonance, due to a physical structure whose dimensions are directly
proportional to the wavelength of the resonance frequency…
“In this resonant condition, the rod material functions as a tuned waveguide, or longitudinal resonator, for acoustic energy…
“Ferrite rod 800 is driven to acoustic resonance at the second
harmonic of its fundamental resonant frequency by acoustic horn 811…”
- But the patent doesn’t tell us who will volunteer to blow the horn at the rod all day. Perhaps it will come with an elephant.
Mark Goldes claimed in 2008 that this wonderful triumph of human
genius would bring his company, Magnetic Power Inc, one billion dollars
in annual revenue by 2012. Magnetic Power is now defunct, having never
produced any “Magnetic Power Modules” – just as Goldes’ company called
“Room Temperature Superconductors Inc” is also now defunct, having never
produced any “room temperature superconductors.”
3. Goldes’ Strictly Ambient Heat Engine Flimflam
In Mark Goldes’ patent application for his ludicrous “POWERGENIE”
horn-powered tuning-rod engine, he described the tuning-rod as “an
energy transfer and multiplier element.”
But of course, for the tuning-rod to “multiply” energy, it would need to disprove the law of conservation of energy.
Goldes’ use of the term “energy multiplier element” reflected his
pretense that the “revolutionary breakthrough” of the amazing
“POWERGENIE” could disprove the law of conservation of energy, by
presenting the world with a working “energy multiplier.”
Goldes even claimed in 2008 that the POWERGENIE had been demonstrated
already in an electric car, driven 4800 miles by his energy-multiplying
horn-powered tuning-rod.
But it seems that most people, for some reason, had difficulty
accepting the notion that the law of conservation of energy could be
proven false.
And Goldes no doubt noticed that the Second Law of Thermodynamics –
that “the entropy of an isolated system tends to increase with time and
can never decrease” – is much less clear to most people than the
conservation of energy.
So now, after leaving aside the pretense that he could somehow
“multiply energy” with a magnetized tuning-rod, Goldes has chosen to
focus, instead, on the pretense that he can disprove the Second Law with
an engine powered only by ambient heat.
Mark Goldes claims that “Patent pending desktop piston engines that
will run 24/7 on the thermal energy in atmospheric heat are being
prototyped.”
In fact, the worthless ambient heat engine concept at the center of
Goldes’ flimflam is a certain utterly ludicrous exercise in silliness,
produced by Kenneth Rauen, that does not have any “patent pending” and
never will. It consists of nothing more than several cylinders
containing pistons connected to a crankshaft, with various open channels
between some of the cylinders. There is nothing to make the pistons
move or the crankshaft turn. Rauen has written many pages of tedious
nonsense attempting to argue that the engine would work. It certainly
will not work, and Rauen certainly knows that it will not work, and so
does Goldes.
At any given time and place, the atmosphere only provides a single
heat reservoir at a single temperature. In order for a cyclic heat
engine to do any work, it must be provided not merely with a single heat
reservoir, but with two heat reservoirs, at different temperatures.
This is an inescapable consequence of one of the most well-established
principles in all of physics: the Second Law of Thermodynamics.
To people who have never studied thermodynamics, it might seem that
nothing more should be needed to power a heat engine than a reservoir of
heat. However, that is not so. In order to do any work, a cyclic heat
engine must utilize not just one, but two heat reservoirs, at different
temperatures. This has been understood at least since 1824, when Sadi
Carnot presented an equation relating the maximum possible efficiency of
a heat engine to the temperatures of the two reservoirs. When the two
reservoirs are both at the same temperature, the maximum possible
efficiency is zero percent: the engine can do no work at all.
Goldes falsely claims that “Two decades of physics research indicate
not only that this [single-reservoir atmospheric heat engine] may be
possible, but that there exist exploitable exceptions to the current
interpretation of the Second Law of Thermodynamics.”
This false and baseless flimflam comes from the very same person who
has actually spent the last two decades claiming year after year that
his make-believe “room temperature superconductors” would be validated
“next year,” that his make-believe “Virtual Photon Flux” engine would be
validated “next year,” that his make-believe energy-multiplying
horn-powered-tuning-rod “POWERGENIE” engine would be validated “next
year,” and that his make-believe “Collapsing Hydrogen Orbits”
“fractional hydrogen” engine would be validated “next year” – not to
mention various other make-believe marvels. In fact, after a forty-year
career in flimflam, Goldes has presented and validated a grand total of
zero fulfillments of his endless claims regarding his make-believe
“revolutionary breakthroughs.”
There is no “new science” in any of Goldes’ “revolutionary breakthroughs.” There is only pseudoscience and pretense – and nothing new, at all.
Mark Goldes’ proofless claims regarding his make-believe strictly
ambient heat engine do not represent any new technology, or even a new
pretense – they merely represent a rather old pretense.
“Before the establishment of the Second Law, many people who were
interested in inventing a perpetual motion machine had tried to
circumvent the restrictions of First Law of Thermodynamics by extracting
the massive internal energy of the environment as the power of the
machine. Such a machine is called a “perpetual motion machine of the
second kind”. The second law declared the impossibility of such
machines.”
“A perpetual motion machine of the second kind is a machine which
spontaneously converts thermal energy into mechanical work. When the
thermal energy is equivalent to the work done, this does not violate the
law of conservation of energy. However it does violate the more subtle
second law of thermodynamics (see also entropy). The signature of a
perpetual motion machine of the second kind is that there is only one
heat reservoir involved… This conversion of heat into useful work,
without any side effect, is impossible, according to the second law of
thermodynamics.”
Goldes’ make-believe strictly ambient heat engine would be a
perpetual motion machine of the second kind, as defined above. Goldes is
not developing any such engine; he is merely developing a pretense – as
usual.
The Kelvin-Planck formulation of the Second Law of Thermodynamics may be stated as follows:
“No cyclic process driven simply by heat can accomplish the
absorption of the heat from a reservoir and the conversion of such heat
into work – without any other result (such as a transfer of heat to a
cooler reservoir).”
Now, as you will see, the Clausius formulation of the Second Law may be stated with fewer words:
“No process is possible whose sole result is the transfer of heat from a cooler to a hotter body.”
In fact, we can show that the Kelvin-Planck formulation may be deduced from that of Clausius. In the words of Enrico Fermi:
“Suppose that Kelvin’s postulate were not valid. Then we could
perform a transformation whose only final result would be to transform
completely into work a definite amount of heat taken from a single
source at the temperature t1. By means of friction we could then
transform this work into heat again and with this heat raise the
temperature of a given body, regardless of what its initial temperature,
t2, may have been. In particular, we could take t2 to be higher than
t1. Thus, the only final result of this process would be the transfer of
heat from one body (the source at temperature t1) to another body at a
higher temperature, t2. This would be a violation of the Clausius
postulate.”
Can anyone make a teapot that boils water by absorbing heat from blocks of ice?
Max Planck, in his “Treatise On Thermodynamics,” explains how the
Second Law of Thermodynamics “may be deduced from a single simple law of
experience about which there is no doubt.” Here is the “single simple
law of experience” he proposes:
“It is impossible to construct an engine which will work in a
complete cycle, and produce no effect except the raising of a weight and
the cooling of a heat-reservoir.”
This “law of experience” is very similar to a principle suggested by William Thomson (Lord Kelvin):
“It is impossible, by means of inanimate material agency, to derive
mechanical effect from any portion of matter by cooling it below the
temperature of the coldest of the surrounding objects.”
The “simple law of experience” offered by Planck is therefore
commonly known as the “Kelvin-Planck statement” of the Second Law of
Thermodynamics. But we see from Planck’s “Treatise” that Planck himself
did not quite regard it as a statement of the Second Law, but rather as a
“starting point” or postulate from which the Second Law may be deduced.
Here is Planck’s rendition of the Second Law itself:
“The second law of thermodynamics states that there exists in nature
for each system of bodies a quantity, which by all changes of the system
either remains constant (in reversible processes) or increases in value
(in irreversible processes). This quantity is called, following
Clausius, the entropy of the system.”
The Second Law of Thermodynamics rules out strictly ambient heat engines.
Expecting an ambient heat engine to do any work, with only one heat
reservoir, is exactly equivalent to expecting a teapot to boil water by
absorbing heat from a block of ice.
Both processes are ruled out by the very same law – the Second Law of Thermodynamics.
“It is impossible for any device operating on a cycle to produce net
work from a single temperature reservoir; the production of net work
requires flow of heat from a higher temperature reservoir to a colder
reservoir.”
In a strictly ambient heat engine there are not two heat reservoirs
at different temperatures; no reservoir would be available at any
temperature other than the ambient temperature. Therefore the engine
would have to DECREASE the total entropy – and therefore we know for
certain that the engine will disappoint us. It will never be able to do
any work.
Flow of heat from a block of ice to lukewarm water would also result in a DECREASE of the total entropy.
Once again: Expecting an ambient heat engine to do any work, with
only one heat reservoir, is exactly equivalent to expecting a teapot to
boil water by absorbing heat from a block of ice. Anyone who claims to
be developing a “prototype” of such an engine is only developing a
pretense, and nothing more.
4. Mark Goldes’ “FUEL-FREE TURBINE” Flimflam
Mark Goldes’ latest adventure in flimflam is to declare that a
“FUEL-FREE TURBINE invented by a Russian scientist runs on atmospheric
pressure.”
But when we read the patent application, we find that actually the
turbine does NOT run on atmospheric pressure – it requires compressed
air. This is clearly indicated even in the article by Kondrashov posted
by Goldes on his flimflam website. Kondrashov says:
“To create a sample of such an engine, you can use ready-made
devices, such as a load-bearing element – a low-power turbine module
turboshaft turbine engine, and to compress the air… any type of
compressor…”
Kondrashov filed his patent application in 2003. No patent was awarded.
Mark Goldes assures us in his note prefacing Kondrashov’s article
that “We understand the science behind this jet engine.” But since he
incorrectly describes it as an engine powered by “atmospheric pressure” –
which it certainly is not – in fact he shows that he doesn’t even
understand that the engine requires a supply of compressed air in order
to spin at all.
Although Kondrashov does pretend in some of his statements that the
turbine will be powered by “atmospheric pressure,” in fact it is evident
from his application that the proposed turbine is made to spin only by
the use of compressed air.
In his patent application, Kondrashov states:
“To set the above engine in operation, it is necessary to create
pressure of working medium (e.g. air) in pneumatic accumulator 18. The
compressed air is fed through check valve 19 and/or 20.”
Thus, Kondrashov indicates that an external compressor must be used
to fill the turbine’s compressed air tank before the turbine can be
started. But he tries to pretend that once the turbine starts to spin,
there will be no further reliance on the external compressor – the
spinning turbine itself will compress the air that is making the turbine
spin. So despite his own false description of the turbine as making use
of “low-grade atmospheric energy,” what Kondrashov actually presents in
his patent application is a perpetual motion machine in the form of a
self-powered air compressor. This is probably the reason why no patent
was awarded. It is exactly analogous to trying to use a generator to
power a motor to spin the generator to power the motor to spin the
generator. It doesn’t work.
For more information on the “FUEL-FREE TURBINE,” please see section 8.5.
5. Goldes’ “Collapsing Hydrogen Orbits” Hydrino Engine Flimflam
Mark Goldes’ make-believe “water-fueled engine” supposedly involving
“Collapsing Hydrogen Orbits” is nothing more than copy-cat flimflam
based on Randell Mills’ bogus theory of “Classical Quantum Mechanics”
(CQM) and “hydrino” hydrogen.
2009: Goldes seeks investors with fraudulent claims
that his latest company, Chava Energy, “has been developing enhanced
theoretical and practical paths that lead towards commercialization of
energy conversion systems that utilize hydrinos.”
Goldes has never stopped claiming to be “developing a Self Powered Internal Combustion Engine – SPICE(tm) powered by hydrinos.”
Here is what the physicist Andreas Rathke has to say about Mills’
theory of “Classical Quantum Mechanics,” on which both Mills’ “hydrinos”
and Goldes’ “fractional hydrogen” are supposedly based:
“In this paper, we have considered the theoretical
foundations of the hydrino hypothesis, both within the theoretical
framework of CQM, in which hydrinos were originally suggested, and
within standard quantum mechanics. We found that CQM is inconsistent and
has several serious deficiencies. Amongst these are the failure to
reproduce the energy levels of the excited states of the hydrogen atom,
and the absence of Lorentz invariance. Most importantly, we found that
CQM does not predict the existence of hydrino states! Also, standard
quantum mechanics cannot encompass hydrino states, with the properties
currently attributed to them. Hence there remains no theoretical support
of the hydrino hypothesis.”
http://iopscience.iop.org/1367-2630/7/1/127/fulltext/
6. Goldes’ “Room Temperature Superconductor” and “Ultraconductor” Flimflam
The great high points of Mark Goldes’ career in fraudcraft were the
obtaining of four Small Business Innovative Research contracts with the
Unites States Air Force, which cost taxpayers roughly a half million
dollars. In the fourteen years since the conclusion of the fourth
project, Goldes’ companies have evidently made no further progress in
this area, at all – but that has not stopped Goldes from pretending that
Magnetic Power Inc, or Chava Energy LLC, or “Aesop Institute” will be
making Revolutionary Breakthroughs involving “Ultraconductors” as soon
as you give them your money. In fact, MPI’s own reports on the
Ultraconductor contract projects consist of a succession of rosy and
wonderful claims and predictions which went entirely unfulfilled by
following projects, and remain unfulfilled today. It is important to
understand that the “Ulraconductor” film was only “ultraconductive” to
current across the thin dimension of the film – and not along the
extensive dimensions. MPI asserted that they would develop a way to make
the thin “ultraconductive” film thicker – and never did so. MPI
asserted that they would develop a way to make “ultraconductive” wire –
and never did so. MPI asserted that their enrichment method would
become the key to making thicker film and wire – but the method never
did so. MPI asserted that their “Ultraconductor” film would surely
prove wonderfully useful for making thermoelectric devices – but once
again, the rosy claims went unfulfilled. MPI asserted that they would
figure out how to reposition the conductive channels so as to make the
film “ultraconductive” along the plane of the film, instead of merely
the thin dimension. They never did so.
7. Goldes’ “Virtual Photon Flux” Engine Flimflam
The make-believe “Virtual Photon Flux” engine is merely another
exercise in flimflam, which Goldes has evidently judged to be played
out, since he hardly mentions it any more. For more information, please
see section 9.1 under “Notes” below.
8. Conclusion.
Mark Goldes’ forty-year career of “revolutionary breakthrough”
pretense has nothing to do with science, but only with pseudoscience,
pseudophysics, and relentless flimflam, in pursuit of investments, loans
and donations from gullible people who never mastered physics very
well.
9.Notes
9.1
2005: Mark Goldes Claims His Flimflam-Powered “Virtual
Photon Flux” Magnetic Power Modules Will Earn MPI (His Now-Defunct
Company) 335 Million Dollars By 2010
For over twenty years, beginning in 1987, Mark Goldes’ company
“Magnetic Power Inc” (MPI) declared year after year that prototypes of
its current pretended “revolutionary breakthroughs” would be presented
for validation “next year.” Not a single one of these countless claims
were ever fulfilled before the worthless company was finally disbanded.
Here is an excerpt from a typical example of a fraudulent “Executive
Summary” from MPI, falsely pretending to have already created a working
generator powered by “Virtual Photon Flux:”
Executive Summary [November 14, 2005]
“MPI’s mission is to supply the world with clean, abundant, and inexpensive electricity.
“The company is developing technology it calls Magnetic Power
Modules(TM). Based upon breakthrough discoveries in MPI’s labs, Magnetic
Power Modules are being designed that operate continuously, without
fuel, extracting electricity by converting abundant, renewable, Virtual
Photon Flux (VPF), an energy source that exists everywhere in the
universe. The process will create no pollution. The cost of electricity
is estimated to be less than 1 cent/Kwh, significantly less than any
competing form of power generation today or in the foreseeable future.
“Magnetic Power Modules will be scaled to a wide range of
applications. They appear suitable for the relatively small power needs
of consumer devices up through the massive needs of power generation
plants.
“Revenues from licenses of Magnetic Power Modules are conservatively projected to exceed $200 million annually by 2009:
“2006: $10 million; 2007: $25 million; 2008: $75 million; 2009: $225 million”
“Following the VPF research in private laboratories around the world,
and based on recent breakthroughs in MPI laboratories, prototypes are
currently being built that the Company expects will soon receive
external validation. The first in a substantial series of patent
applications was filed in January, 2005. A plug-in hybrid car may be
modified, to become a prototype powered by VPF for local driving, during
2006.
“The commercial potential of Magnetic Power Modules is huge, with
applications throughout the roughly $1.8 trillion worldwide market for
energy. The Company forecasts rapidly growing revenues and profits, with
revenues beginning in 2006…
“Revenues from licenses of Magnetic Power Modules are conservatively projected to exceed $200 million annually by 2009:
“2006: $10 million; 2007: $25 million; 2008: $75 million; 2009: $225 million“
- Mark Goldes’ MPI, November 14, 2005
http://www.zpenergy.com/modules.php?name=News&file=print&sid=1610
9.2
2007: Mark Goldes Claims He Will Demonstrate His Imaginary
One-Kilowatt Horn-Powered Tuning-Rod “GENIE” Engine (aka “POWERGENIE”)
Within One Year; Hundred-Kilowatt “GENIE” Might Take Two Years
“A revolutionary breakthrough by Magnetic Power Inc., called GENIE™
(Generating Electricity by Nondestructive Interference of Energy) will
make possible the elimination of the need for batteries of every
variety. GENIE generators are expected to replace the need to plug-in a
plug-in hybrid. 2 kW is all the power that can be taken from a typical
wall socket. A pair of 1 kW GENIE generators are expected to demonstrate
a compact, inexpensive, capability to end the need to plug-in, prior to
the end of 2008.
“If the development of GENIE generators is put on a 24/7 footing, it
may be possible to provide 100 kW systems that will fit in the space of a
typical gas tank, on a prototype basis in perhaps two years.”
http://outraged.chattablogs.com/archives/064832.html
- Goldes never mentions that the “GENIE” was actually to be powered by a horn.
9.3
2008: Mark Goldes Claims MPI’s “Patent Pending” Ambient Heat
Engine Has Already Powered A Car For 4800 Miles; Claims MPI Will Earn
One Billion Dollars Annually By 2012
In his “Executive Summary” for MPI of June 2, 2008, Goldes states:
“The company is now involved with a revolutionary, patent
pending, technology, which converts ambient heat into electricity. This
non-magnetic breakthrough has the potential to go to production in the
near future. The system has proven capability to recharge batteries
from heat extracted from the air; an alternative to the need to plug-in…
“Prototypes of the non-magnetic [ambient heat engine] system
have been in operation for more that one year and successfully run an
electric car for more than 4,800 miles with no need to plug-in.”
It is possible for a heat engine to be powered by ambient heat – as
long as it can also utilize a second heat reservoir at a lower
temperature. But Goldes’ countless descriptions of his imaginary ambient
heat engine have always envisioned a single-reservoir heat engine. Such
an engine can do no work – as physicists have understood at least since
1824. This fact is known as the “Kelvin-Planck Postulate.” Notice that
Goldes pretends that there is a “patent pending” for his imaginary
invention. Of course, he has never provided any Patent Application
Publication Number by which we could confirm that there was any “patent
pending” as he claims. Just like the single-reservoir heat engine
itself, Goldes’ patent application for it is evidently purely imaginary.
In the same “Executive Summary” for MPI, Goldes claims that MPI’s
array of imaginary engines will earn the company one billion dollars
annually by 2012:
“Revenues from licenses and Joint Ventures are conservatively projected to exceed $1 billion annually by 2012.
“2008: $25 million; 2009: $100 million; 2010: $300 million; 2011: $600 million, 2012: $1 b[illion].
http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=27&ved=0CF8QFjAGOBQ&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.renewableenergyworld.com%2Fassets%2Fdocuments%2Fstory%2F2008%2FExecutive%2520Summary%2520Current%25206-2-08.doc&ei=1CsEUrvtCqHJygHY0oCQAQ&usg=AFQjCNGegBprShggPPevHT-PmI74uf32EA&sig2=1SNV5eOyPOOB4Oe56MzonA&bvm=bv.50500085,d.aWc
9.4
2009: Goldes seeks investors with fraudulent claims that his
latest company, Chava Energy, “has been developing enhanced theoretical
and practical paths that lead towards commercialization of energy
conversion systems that utilize hydrinos.”
Goldes now claims to be “developing a Self Powered Internal Combustion Engine – SPICE(tm) powered by hydrinos.”
http://www.opednews.com/articles/Hydrinos–One-Barrel-of-W-by-Mark-Goldes-090506-117.html
9.5
Here is the Patent Application that was filed ten years ago for Boris
Kondrashov’s perpetual air compressor, which Mark Goldes now calls a
“FUEL-FREE TURBINE:”
http://www.google.com/patents/US20070114330
The application was filed in 2003, and was not awarded any patent.
Let’s look at the application. Under “Claims 1″ we are told:
“…kinetic energy of the obtained joined jet mass is used for creating
a moment of rotation on the power shaft, characterized in that the
working medium is presented by external gaseous masses, which before
being fed to the jet device for forming an active jet are compressed in a
compressor to the calculated level of pressure sufficient for creating
rarefaction in the adding device…”
Somewhere else Kondrashov says:
“To set the above engine in operation, it is necessary to create
pressure of working medium (e.g. air) in pneumatic accumulator 18. The
compressed air is fed through check valve 19 and/or 20. On the
calculated pressure level being reached, valve 21 is switched in use,
which provides a calculated duration of flowing of compressed air out of
the jet nozzle with a preset periodicity.”
“…compressed gases instead of combustion products are used as the working medium…”
There are many other statements that make it plain that neither
“atmospheric pressure” nor “atmospheric heat” power the engine –
despite Kondrashov’s claims, which are contradicted by his own
description of the engine. In one section of the patent he mentions
incorporating a heat pump, without ever describing or explaining what
will power the heat pump. In other sections of the patent he seems to
forget about the heat pump entirely. With or without the heat pump, he
is presenting the idea of a compressed-air powered air compressor which
would compress its own air, once it got started. We are never going to
see that happen. – Oh, but yes we are! Mark Goldes will demonstrate it
“next year” – along with all of his other make-believe engines.